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the Art of Fact Pp 507521 Another Day of Life by Ryszard Kapuscinski

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Polish journalist, photographer, poet and author

Ryszard Kapuściński
Ryszard Kapuscinski by Kubik 17.05.1997 - cropped.jpg

Kapuściński in 1997
Born (1932-03-04)4 March 1932

Pińsk, Poland
Died 23 Jan 2007(2007-01-23) (aged 74)

Warsaw, Poland
Burial place Powązki Military Cemetery
Nationality Smoothen
Alma mater University of Warsaw
Occupation Author and announcer
Spouse(southward) Alicja Kapuścińska
Awards Lodge of Polonia Restituta
1997
Hanseatic Goethe Prize
1999
Prince of Asturias Award
2003
Signature
Ryszard Kapuściński signature.svg

Ryszard Kapuściński (Polish: [ˈrɨʂart kapuɕˈt͡ɕij̃skʲi] ( mind ); 4 March 1932 – 23 January 2007) was a Polish announcer, photographer, poet and author. He received many awards and was considered a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Kapuściński'due south personal journals in volume form attracted both controversy and adoration for blurring the conventions of reportage with the apologue and magical realism of literature.[i] He was the Communist-era Polish Press Bureau'south only contributor in Africa during decolonization, and besides worked in Southward America and Asia. Between 1956 and 1981 he reported on 27 revolutions and coups, until he was fired because of his support for the pro-democracy Solidarity movement in his native country. He was celebrated by other practitioners of the genre. The acclaimed Italian reportage-author Tiziano Terzani, Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez, and Chilean writer Luis Sepúlveda accorded him the title "Maestro".[2] [3] [four]

Notable works include Jeszcze dzień życia (1976; Another Day of Life), about Republic of angola; Cesarz (1978; The Emperor, 1983), nearly the downfall of Ethiopian ruler Haile Selassie, as well considered to be a satire of Communist Poland; Wojna futbolowa (1978; The Soccer War, 1991), an account of the 1969 conflict betwixt Honduras and Republic of el salvador, and other stories from the life of the reporter in Africa and Latin America; Szachinszach (1982; Shah of Shahs, 2006) about the downfall of the last Shah of Persia; Imperium (1993) an account of his travels through the collapsing Soviet Union; Heban (1998), later published in English as The Shadow of the Sun (2001), the story of his years in Africa; and Podróże z Herodotem (2004; Travels with Herodotus), in which he ponders over relevance of The Histories by Herodotus to a modern reporter's job.

Biography [edit]

Business firm where Kapuściński's family lived in Pinsk in the 1930s (photo from 2009) at Błotna Street (now Suvorov Street 43)

Ryszard Kapuściński was built-in in Pinsk (now in Belarus), Polesie Voivodeship, in the Kresy Wschodnie or eastern borderlands of the Second Smoothen Democracy in 1932, the son of Maria Bobka (b. 1910) and Józef Kapuściński (b. 1903), primary school teachers. His sister Barbara was built-in the following twelvemonth. They were born into poverty: he would later on say that he felt at home in Africa equally "food was scarce in that location too and everyone was also barefoot."[5] In September 1938 Ryszard started attending Main Schoolhouse No 5 in Pinsk. He spent the summertime of 1939 together with his mother and sister in Pawłów, a small village near Rejowiec in Lublin Voivodeship. When the 2d World War began in September 1939 they came back to Pinsk later the city was captured by the Red Army and Ryszard returned to school in that location. In 1940 Maria, afraid of deportation to the Due east, together with Ryszard and Barbara left Pinsk and moved to Sieraków, near Warsaw. There they met Józef. After the family moved near Otwock. Ryszard continued education in primary schoolhouse in Otwock (1944–45).[6] He described his early life in the book Imperium.

In 1945 the family settled in Warsaw where Ryszard began education in Stanisław Staszic Gymnasium. He became an amateur boxer (bantamweight) and football role player.[7] In 1948, Kapuściński joined the official Communist youth system—the ZMP—and served lower rank posts.[8] Kapuściński was the hero of the article published in the weekly journal Odrodzenie reporting on a poetry briefing organised at his school, in which the teenager'southward poems were compared with works of Mayakovsky and Wierzyński.[9]

In June 1950 he graduated from Gymnasium and started working for the Sztandar Młodych (The Banner of Youth), a nationwide newspaper founded in 1950 as the organ of the ZMP. In October 1950 he began his studies at Warsaw University (Department of Shine Studies) and in 1951 he moved to the department of history after he suspended working for Sztandar Młodych till 1955. He participated in the Youth Festival in East Berlin staged in August 1951 in East Germany. This was his first foreign trip. From 1952 and till his death Ryszard Kapuściński was married to doctor Alicja Mielczarek (b. 1933). Their daughter Zofia was built-in in 1953. During the menstruation from 1953 to 1981—the year of the imposition of the martial law in Poland—Kapuściński was a member of the Polish United Workers' Political party (the PZPR). His attitude to the PZPR changed early, "the decisive moment having come in the twelvemonth 1956" (presumably a reference to the events of Poznań June and the process of de-Stalinisation brought nearly by the Thaw of Gomułka, and the Hungarian Revolution of 1956).[ten] [xi]

In June 1955 he graduated from Warsaw University. After publishing, in September 1955, a critical commodity about the construction of Nowa Huta, a Krakow conurbation built on a site chosen every bit the "first socialist municipality in Poland",[12] which brought to light the inhuman working and living conditions of the labourers involved in the venture—a story which occasioned consternation before somewhen winning favour with the Communist government unsure at first how to react to a error-finding depiction of their pet project by ane of their ain—Kapuściński was awarded the Gilt Cross of Merit at the age of 23.

In August 1956 he reported from Kiev and in September he was sent to India, his first travel exterior Europe. He returned via Afghanistan (where he was detained at the airport in Kabul) and Moscow. In August 1957 he went for half a yr to People's republic of china (via Tokyo and Hong Kong). He came back to Poland past the Trans-Siberian Railway. First with that journey to India undertaken at the historic period of 24, he travelled across the developing world reporting on wars, coups and revolutions in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. He started learning English in India by reading, with the assistance of a dictionary, a copy of Hemingway'due south For Whom the Bong Tolls.[xiii] He wrote about his offset travels to Asia in the volume Travels with Herodotus.

In 1958 he left Sztandar Młodych and started working for the Shine Press Agency. Soon afterwards he too joined the weekly Polityka (where he worked till 1962). The upshot of his work for the weekly was the book Busz po polsku (The Polish Bush-league) published in 1962, a collection of his manufactures from the "Polish wilderness" that he went into to relate "the perspectives of forgotten, invisible, marginal people and so to record a living history of those seldom deemed worthy to enter the annals of official history" (in the words of Diana Kuprel, the literary scholar and translator of Kapuściński'south works).[fourteen] He was aggrieved at the indifference of the reading public towards the bulk of his early books.[fifteen]

In the tardily 1950s he went for the first time to Africa (Ghana, Commonwealth of Dahomey and Niger). Subsequently honing his skills on domestic stories he was later "'responsible' for l countries" for the Polish Press Agency in Africa.[16] [17] (Although a correspondent of an official land printing agency, he never in his life asked a single question at any press conference that he attended[15]). When he finally returned to Poland, he had lived through twenty-seven revolutions and coups, been jailed 40 times and survived 4 expiry sentences.[eighteen] In the English language-speaking world, Kapuściński is best known for his reporting from Africa in the 1960s and 1970s, when he witnessed get-go-hand the end of the European colonial empires on that continent.

In 1961 he reported from the Republic of the Congo. He described his escape to Bujumbura and subsequent arrest in the volume The Soccer War. In the years 1962–65 he lived initially in Dar es Salaam and later on in Nairobi from where he travelled to other countries in Africa. He came back to Poland only for few weeks in 1965 merely returned to Africa to alive in Lagos and continue reporting. In April 1965 he travelled to Senegal and Mauritania which he later described in the book The Shadow of the Lord's day. At the end of 1966 he came back to Poland. In April 1967 he went to Primal Asia and Caucasus. In November the same year he started working equally a foreign correspondent in S America, based in Santiago. Afterwards he moved to United mexican states (1969–72). In 1969 he witnessed state of war in Honduras which he described in the book The Soccer War. In 1969 he edited and translated from the Spanish El diario del Che en Bolivia, the final literary bequest of Che Guevara.[19] Kapuściński analyzed the state of affairs in Republic of guatemala later a German diplomat Karl von Spreti was kidnapped. He published his reportage in 1970 entitled Dlaczego zginął Karl von Spreti (Why Karl von Spreti Died). He returned to Poland in 1972 and later worked for magazines Kontynenty and Kultura. In September 1975 he went to Angola after which he published the book Some other Day of Life. In 1975 and 1977 he went to Federal democratic republic of ethiopia. The Emperor was written later on his travels at that place.[xx] In 1979 he visited his birthplace Pinsk for the get-go time since 1940. In 1979 he went to Islamic republic of iran to witness the Iranian Revolution. His book Shah of Shahs deals with this subject and the fall of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran.

In 1980 he witnessed the strikes that took place in Gdańsk, Poland.[21] [22] In 1988 two episodes of Arena were dedicated to him and his piece of work.[23] [24] He travelled in European and Asian parts of the Soviet Union (1989–1992) and witnessed the dissolution of the Soviet Spousal relationship. Later on this feel he wrote Imperium. He was awarded German Academic Exchange Service scholarship in Berlin in 1994. In 1999 Kapuściński talked about his life in VPRO in a series of autobiographical interviews with prominent people from the worlds of science, culture and politics.[25]

In a 2006 interview with Reuters, Kapuściński said that he wrote for "people everywhere still immature plenty to be curious about the world."[5] He was fluent in Shine, English language, Russian, Spanish, French and Portuguese. He was visiting professor in Bangalore (1970s), Bonn, Greatcoat Boondocks, Caracas (1979), Columbia University (1983), Harvard Academy, Irkutsk, London, Madrid, United mexican states (1979), San Sebastian, Temple University (1988) and Vancouver.[26]

Kapuściński died on 23 Jan 2007, of a heart assail suffered in a Warsaw infirmary where he was being treated for unrelated ailments.[5]

Literary works [edit]

From the early 1960s onwards, Kapuściński published books of increasing literary craftsmanship characterized by sophisticated narrative technique, psychological portraits of characters, a wealth of stylization and metaphor and unusual imagery that serves as means of interpreting the perceived world. Kapuściński'south all-time-known book, The Emperor, concerns itself with the turn down of Haile Selassie's anachronistic régime in Federal democratic republic of ethiopia. The book'south story had a special meaning that was not lost on the people of Poland, especially as dissent confronting the PZPR was taking root. The Emperor was also the volume that established Kapuściński's reputation in the West. When information technology appeared in English translation in 1983 information technology received an immediate disquisitional success.[27] In 1987 the book was adapted past Michael Hastings and Jonathan Miller into a theatre play, produced by the Royal Court Theatre, London.

Kapuściński: We know everything almost the global problem of poverty. What nosotros can't figure out is how to reduce it in practical terms. [The moment nosotros try] there appear obstacles that cannot exist surmounted, and interests one cannot go against.

—From an interview with Kapuściński published in Printing magazine, 2006[15]

Kapuściński was fascinated past the humanity he found in unlike worlds and people, as well as the books of these worlds and people: he approached foreign countries kickoff through literature, spending months reading before each trip. He was skilled in listening to the diverse people he met, but he was also capable of "reading" the hidden sense of the scenes he encountered: the way the Europeans moved out of Angola, a word regarding alimony in the Tanganyikan parliament, the reconstruction of frescoes in the new Russia—he turned each of these vignettes into a metaphor of historical transformation.

This trend to procedure private experiences into a greater social synthesis made Kapuściński an eminent thinker, and the volumes of the ongoing Lapidarium series are a record of the shaping of a reporter's observations into philosophical reflections on the world, its people and their suffering. He had cracking compassion for the poor, the victimised, and the debased.

Kapuściński himself called his work "literary reportage",[28] and reportage d'auteur.[29] In the English-speaking world, his genre is sometimes characterised every bit "magic journalism" (in counterpoint to magic realism), a term coined by Adam Hochschild in 1994.[xxx] [31] [32] [33] Kapuściński oft introduced himself with the line "I am a poor reporter who unfortunately lacks the imagination of a writer".[34]

Italian journalist Tiziano Terzani and Ryszard Kapuściński shared a similar vision of journalism.[35] Jaime Abello Banfi, the friend and associate of Gabriel García Márquez, reports that García Márquez and Kapuściński, unbeknownst to each other, shared the opinion that the way to skillful journalism led through verse (on account of the fact that it inculcates both the conciseness of expression and its aptness).[36]

Kapuściński considered the ancient Greek historian Herodotus a corking reporter and his master. He wrote a book Travels with Herodotus where he shows that the Histories of Herodotus are timeless and the masterpiece of reportage. He too considered Curzio Malaparte, Melchior Wańkowicz, Ksawery Pruszyński and Franciszek Gil (1917–1960) to have been his literary models and stylistic precursors.[15] [37] [38] [39] [40] On some level, Pruszyński and Wańkowicz shared a very similar approach to facts with Kapuściński, assertive that the general motion-picture show of the story can be glued from bits and pieces to reveal a truth as a wholly independent construct.[41] Students of Kapuściński's piece of work observed correspondences between his work and that of J. M. Coetzee in that both writers were supposedly beholden to the theory of "the responsibility of witness".[42]

One reviewer saw in Kapuściński's mixing of subtle psychological reflection with brilliant description an invitation to a comparison with Joseph Conrad;[43] Binyavanga Wainaina and Aleksandar Hemon made the same comparison, if for other, less laudatory reasons.[44] [45] Kapuściński confirmed to Bill Deedes the fact that Conrad was i of his literary inspirations.[46] Neal Ascherson likened him to Egon Erwin Kisch (1885–1948) considered the male parent of literary reportage.[47] Kapuściński himself cites Kisch with blessing as the "archetype of reportage" who dealt a expiry accident to traditional forms of reporting past putting the person of the reporter at middle stage.[29] Certainly, neither Kisch nor Kapuściński believed in what might be called "journalistic objectivity": whereas Kisch thought it necessary for a (Communist) reporter to "engage politically" with his subject, Kapuściński would put objectivity as a concept out of court altogether, stating explicitly, "There is no such thing every bit objectivity. Objectivity is the question of the censor of the one who writes. And he himself should answer the question is this what he writes shut to the truth or not".[48]

Kapuściński'due south views on his craft were published in 2000 in the book in Italian Il cinico non è adatto a questo mestiere: conversazioni sul buon giornalismo (A Cynic wouldn't Suit This Profession: Conversations almost Expert Journalism),[49] the book in Spanish from 2003 (distributed for free) Los cinco sentidos del periodista (estar, ver, oír, compartir, pensar) (The Announcer'south Five Senses: Witnessing, Seeing, Listening, Sharing and Thinking)[34] and in his Smooth volume Autoportret reportera (A Reporter'south Self Portrait)[l] published the aforementioned year. In 1987 Marek Miller talked with Kapuściński on the art of reportage and his life. These conversations were published in Poland in 2012 in the book Pisanie (Writing)[51] but circulate in Canada on Kalejdoskop Polski Television receiver equally early on as 1988. He was vocal denouncing manipulations and ignorance of big media.[52]

Lensman [edit]

Kapuściński debuted as a photographer in the year 2000 with the publication of the album entitled Z Afryki ("Out of Africa"), a photographic harvest of his journeys in that continent. "Every snapshot is a recollection, a remembrance," he writes in the introduction, "and nothing tin can sensitise us more to the fragility of fourth dimension, to its impermanent and fleeting nature—than photography."[53] A sequel, entitled Ze świata ("From the World", published in Nov 2008 with the introduction of John Updike), comprising a cross-section of Kapuściński'south photographs from all parts of the globe, contains some truly outstanding shots.[54]

Posthumous and non-reportage works [edit]

In Ten Inny ("The Other"), a collection of lectures delivered in Vienna, Graz and Cracow, published shortly before his death, Kapuściński laments a situation perpetuated by the myths which inculcate the notion of the Other every bit sub-human or non-human. He saw encountering the Other as the chief claiming for the 20-first century. The posthumously published Ho dato voce ai poveri: dialogo con i giovani ("I Gave a Vox to the Poor: Conversations with the Youth"; Trent, Il Margine, 2007; subsequently published in Poland as Dałem głos ubogim. Rozmowy z młodzieżą; Cracow, Znak, 2008) is a record of Kapuściński's interactions with the students of the University of Bolzano in Italia in October 2006;[55] while Rwący nurt historii. Zapiski o XX i XXI wieku ("In the Whirlpools of History: Jottings on the 20th and the 21st Centuries"; Cracow, Znak, 2007) is a compilation of interviews and lectures, reflecting Kapuściński'south training as a historian and dealing with contemporary issues and their historical and cantankerous-cultural parallels (including such issues equally globalisation, Islam, the nascency of the Third World, and the dawn of the Pacific culture).[56]

Question: Is it possible to draw a war on terror?

Kapuściński: No; this is a web. Its structure is immensely hard to scrutinize. Nosotros have to concede that there are many things in this earth which are impossible to delineate.

—From an interview with Kapuściński published in Press mag, 2006.[15]

Kapuściński's pronouncements on electric current affairs were noteworthy: he thought that the causes of the 9/11 tragedy, for example, were too complex to lend themselves to an exhaustively thorough analysis at present, although he offered an extensive and sophisticated exposition of some of the key elements of the puzzle in the Clash of Civilisations. He was critical on the Clash of Civilisations theory which he saw as an American vision of the globe.[57] He told a BBC interviewer right later the attacks: "I greatly fear that nosotros will waste this moment. That instead of meaningful dialogue, it will just be gates and metal detectors".[58]

In an interview granted in 2002 to the then editor-in-chief of the monthly Letras Libres, Ricardo Cayuela Gally, Kapuściński opined that the war on terror, owing to the asymmetrical character of the combatants engaged in it, could just exist won—and indeed hands, inside a month—through a (re)introduction of "Stalinism", a method undesirable for the sole reason that it would get out the world nether the permanent "hegemony" of the United States, a circumstance that would spell the cease of "the free society".[59]

In Poland, since 1986 Kapuściński was likewise known as a poet:[60] he privately confided in his Swedish translator, Anders Bodegård, that he considered this to be his principal identity.[61] In November 2007 the Canadian publishing business firm Biblioasis published Kapuściński'due south selected poems in English, I Wrote Stone, the commencement English translation of his poesy. Los Angeles Times wrote: "Big events (...) may have been treated lyrically in his prose, just (...) these poems capture the moments between crises, impressions that bear a book-length argument in a few lines".[62] Collected poems from his books were published in Poland and Canada in 2012 in both Polish and English language in the book Collected Poems, translated by Diana Kuprel and Marek Kusiba.

Although he was non the sole model for the role, Kapuściński was given a portrayal as the main graphic symbol in Andrzej Wajda's 1978 picture Without Anesthesia.[63] [64] Aleksandar Hemon, the Bosnian-American novelist (who had previously impugned Robert D. Kaplan's stereotyping of "the Balkan mind"), in a critique of Kapuściński's Africa writings published in The Village Voice,[ citation needed ] accused Kapuściński's readers of turning a blind center to "the underlying proto-racist essentialism" that informs his vision of and his arroyo to the cultures of the continent: "[Kapuściński] fumes against the racism absurdly based on skin colour, and would probably be shocked if told that his obsessive listing of essential differences [between "the African listen" and "the European mind"] is substantially racist".[45] [65] [66]

Reception [edit]

Kapuściński had a global reputation, and is i of the Polish writers translated into the highest number of foreign languages.[67]

In an obituary published in Der Spiegel, Kapuściński was described by German language journalist Claus Christian Malzahn as "one of the most apparent journalists the world has e'er seen".[68] Daniel Alarcón, a Peruvian-American novelist, cited Kapuściński as a formative influence together with Dostoyevsky.[69] The American journalist and reportage-writer Richard Bernstein, saw value in the "penetrating intelligence" of Kapuściński's vision and in his "crystallised descriptive" way of writing.[70] The British journalist Pecker Deedes, who had witnessed the Rwandan genocide start-mitt, said of Kapuściński that what he "writes well-nigh Africa is authoritative as well as captivating. His account of how the Hutus and the Tutsis were drawn into that night night of genocide in Rwanda is the most enlightening I have read anywhere" and that he had "transformed journalism into literature in his writings virtually Africa".[46] Professor Philip Melling of Swansea University has concurred with this opinion, citing Kapuściński equally an dominance on the Rwandan conflict.[71]

Salman Rushdie wrote well-nigh him: "One Kapuściński is worth more than a thousand whimpering and fantasizing scribblers. His infrequent combination of journalism and art allows usa to feel and then close to what Kapuściński calls the inexpressible true epitome of war".[72]

Frequently mentioned equally a favorite to win the Nobel Prize in literature, he never did. Kapuściński'south dying before he could be awarded the Prize was bemoaned in the Swedish press as late as October 2010.[73] Since his death he has been offered many epitaphs in the press, such every bit, "The primary of mod journalism",[74] "Translator of the Globe" and "The Greatest Reporter in the World",[68] "Herodotus of our times",[75] "Third Globe chronicler".[76] [77]

In Kapuściński, the personal search for authenticity is ever linked to his relationship to those effectually him. In his writings, he always seeks the universal in the item, a trait that John Merrill's ideological opposite in U.Southward. bookish circles, University of Illinois media scholar Clifford G. Christians, would applaud. Truth, Christians has written, is "reason radiated by honey", thus individual actuality must be contingent on links to the other, the "I" always defined by its relationship to "Thou".

—Joseph B. Atkins and Bernard Nežmah, "Ryszard Kapuściński: The Empathetic Existentialist", 2002.[78]

Over the years, particularly since 1983 when The Emperor was named Book of the Year by The Sunday Times of London, Kapuściński was the recipient of many international literary prizes that brought recognition to his creative oeuvre: these included, for instance, the biennial Hanseatic Goethe Prize awarded past the Hamburg-based foundation, the Alfred Toepfer Stiftung, which he received in 1999; or the Italian Elsa Morante Prize (Premio Elsa Morante, Sezione Culture D'Europa) in 2005, for his Travels with Herodotus (the new category of the Premio Elsa Morante, called "Cultures of Europe", in issue a separate prize awarded past the same jury, having apparently been created specially for him).[79]

In 2001 Kapuściński received the literary Prix Tropiques of the French Development Agency for his volume The Shadow of the Sun, published in France under the title Ébène: Aventures africaines, which had a year earlier been named the best volume of the year by the French literary monthly, Lire; the book also won the Italian literary laurels, Feudo Di Maida Prize (in full, Premio Letterario Internazionale Feudo Di Maida), for the year 2000.[80] That same year (2000) Kapuściński was honoured with the prestigious Premio Internazionale Viareggio-Versilia,[81] too every bit having received the Creola Prize (Premio Creola) in Bologna (awarded for travel books and facilitation of intercultural encounters),[82] and the "Premio Letterario 'Della Resistenza'" of the Piemontese city of Omegna (Premio Omegna).[83]

In 2003 Kapuściński received the Premio Grinzane Cavour per la Lettura in Turin;[84] shared the Prince of Asturias Honor (in the category "Communications and Humanities") with the Peruvian theologian Gustavo Gutiérrez; and was awarded the Kreisky Prize (Bruno-Kreisky-Preis für das politische Buch) for the entirety of his work ("Sonderpreis für das publizistische Gesamtwerk"; the laurels ceremony having taken place in Vienna in May of the following year).[85] As the doyen of literary reportage, he was the keynote speaker at the countdown anniversary, held in Berlin in October 2003, for the Lettre Ulysses Awards for the Art of Reportage.[86]

In 2005 the Italian edition of Kapuściński's poems (which appeared in print the previous yr as Taccuino d'appunti in the translation of Silvano De Fanti) won the state-funded Naples Prize (Premio Napoli).[87] To consummate the round-up of Italian prizes, the next year Kapuściński was awarded a special category of the Ilaria Alpi Prize for the entirety of his career (Premio Ilaria Alpi alla carriera), one of the best-known of Italian journalistic awards, named for an Italian investigative reporter murdered in Somalia in 1994 (although the scope of the prize is limited to TV journalism, special categories of prizes for which he would not otherwise qualify—as also for example in the case of the Elsa Morante Prize—have been created for Kapuściński).[88] Kapuściński received honorary doctorates from the University of Silesia (1997), the University of Wrocław (2001), the University of Sofia (2002), the Academy of Gdańsk (2004), Jagiellonian Academy (2004). In June 2005 Kapuściński was invested with an honorary doctorate by the private Ramon Llull University of Barcelona, Spain;[89] and in May 2006, just eight months before his death, he received a similar caste from the University of Udine in Italian republic.[xc]

In 2010, Warsaw City Council established the Ryszard Kapuściński Award equally a grade of distinction and promotion of the almost worthwhile reportage books which touch on of import contemporary issues, evoke reflection, and deepen our knowledge of the world of other cultures.[91]

Controversy and biographies [edit]

Since at least 1987[92] Kapuściński's veracity every bit a reporter has been disputed, and he responded with the explanation that his work had been allegorical.[93] By his own account he chose to avert dates, names, and orders of events.[94] Since at least 2001, there has been literary debate about to which genre Kapuściński'southward work should be categorized.

A 2001 review by John Ryle concerned the Kapuściński memoir entitled The Shadow of the Sun released in the aforementioned year.[95] Ryle declared that questions about the reliability of Kapuściński'due south reportage began with The Emperor. Scrutinizing Kapuściński'southward translation of expressions of fealty by Ethiopian courtiers, Ryle said that "native speakers of Amharic say that these honorifics represent to no known expressions in their language." Ryle wrote that he visited Ethiopia in the 1990s when the action of The Shadow of the Sun was taking identify. He said there were inaccuracies in the story, for case, that Mengistu's generals did not escape justice and that the 'academics' among them were few and far in between.[95] Ryle noticed that the initials of Kapuściński's informants did not stand for to the names of witnesses in the trial of the Derg in Addis Ababa.[95] He added that Kapuściński'south description of the upper-case letter devoid of bookstores did not correspond to what he has seen on his last visit there, because he plant 6 bookstores there. He too disputed Kapuściński's assertion that Haile Selassie did not read books past saying he had a library, was well read, and annotated documents.[95]

Ryle continued:

In answer to such criticisms it has been argued that The Emperor is not meant to exist nearly Federal democratic republic of ethiopia at all, that it is an allegory of Communist power in Poland, or of autocratic regimes in general. ... Like Kapuściński'due south other books, The Emperor is presented unambiguously as factual reportage and it asserts its merits on the reader'due south attending equally such. ... There is a double standard at work in such excuses, a clear eurocentric bias. Consider the hypothetical example of an author publishing a book of scandalous revelations almost the last years of the Gierek regime in communist Poland, using dubious information obtained in obscure circumstances from anonymous and untraceable members of the Polish Internal Security Law. It would non be considered a reasonable defense force of such a book to say that it did not thing whether it was true or not considering it was really intended, not as a book about Poland, only equally an allegorical account of events in imperial Ethiopia. ... Such criticisms practice not rob Kapuściński's writing of its vivid allure, its illuminating moments, its oft lively sympathy for the people of the countries he writes near, but they warn us not to take it seriously equally a guide to reality.[95]

Shine scholars Dr. Beata Nowacka (University of Silesia)[96] and Dr. Zygmunt Ziątek (Shine Academy of Sciences)[97] wrote the first biography of Kapuściński, which was published by Znak in 2008 under the championship Ryszard Kapuściński. Biografia pisarza.[98] Their monograph was translated in 2010 to Castilian (Kapuscinski. Una biografía literaria) and in 2012 to Italian (Ryszard Kapuściński. Biografia di uno scrittore). Professor Silvano De Fanti from the University of Udine wrote Kapuściński'south biography for the Opere (2009), published in Italian in the Meridiani series which aims to collect major writers of all times from all countries.[99] [100]

In 2010, a Smoothen language monograph titled Kapuściński Non-Fiction written past Artur Domosławski was published in Warsaw.[101] Kapuściński's widow, Alicja Kapuścińska, sought an injunction confronting Domosławski's volume, challenge defamation and invasion of privacy. The injunction was rejected by the Shine court on the grounds that she had chosen to give Domosławski access to her husband's annal.[102] In an interview with The Guardian Domosławski said: "Kapuściński was experimenting in journalism. He wasn't aware he had crossed the line betwixt journalism and literature. I still think his books are wonderful and precious. Only ultimately, they belong to fiction."[102] Domosławski's monograph was translated to English in 2012 by Antonia Lloyd-Jones and start published by Verso Books as Ryszard Kapuściński. A Life in 2012.[103]

Neal Ascherson defended Kapuściński in March 2010 by proverb: "None of the doubts, every bit far equally I can see, are nearly the despatches and features he sent to newspapers, or to the Polish Press Agency. They are virtually his books. The adventures and encounters he describes in his books are on a different level of veracity. Like his friend Gabriel García Márquez, Kapuściński used to talk most "literary reportage". Yous're meant to believe what you are beingness told, but not in every literal detail. ... Scrupulous in his journalism, in his books he was capable of inventing in lodge to make a truth even truer. He was a smashing story-teller, but not a liar."[104] Timothy Garton Ash was more than disquisitional. Ash wrote later that month (reprinted in his Facts Are Subversive): "with Kapuscinski, nosotros go on crossing from the Republic of kenya of fact to the Tanzania of fiction, and dorsum again, simply the transition is nowhere explicitly signalled."[105]

Reviewing the English translation of Domosławski's book for The Financial Times in 2012, the then permanent secretary of the Nobel-awarding Swedish Academy, Peter Englund, said: "In whatsoever example, the "literary" in "literary reportage" doesn't absolve yous of your duty to the facts. Neither is it possible, in my listen, to encounter it as a sliding scale, in which you lot are able slowly to introduce droplets of fiction into a factual text until, at a sure indicate, the mixture transforms into pure fiction. No, once an element of fiction is introduced into a text everything immediately turns into fiction – maybe fiction with a potent resemblance to the existent world, simply still fiction."[106]

The showtime biographers, Nowacka and Ziątek, responded to Domosławski's allegations with their ain new book, Literatura non-fiction. Czytanie Kapuścińskiego po Domosławskim (Non‑fiction literature: Reading Kapuściński subsequently Domosławski) [one] which was published in Polish by the Academy of Silesia Printing in 2013.[107] They oppose the accusation of creating a myth, and his own legend, as well as confabulations and opportunism, showing a selected and tendentious usage of the writer'south life knowledge, the lack of comprehension of literary reportage, manipulation with texts and quotations, likewise as numerous factual and technical mistakes made past Domosławski. In 2013 the publisher of Domosławski's book apologized to Alicja Kapuścińska and her girl.[108] In May 2015 amendments were ordered by a court in Warsaw which likewise ruled that Domosławski should apologise to Kapuściński's widow, withal in Baronial 2015 the same court has ruled that the author will not take to apologise to Kapuściński's daughter.[109] [110]

Selected books [edit]

Works available in English [edit]

  • Another Twenty-four hours of Life (Jeszcze dzień życia) (1976)
  • The Soccer War (Wojna futbolowa) (1978)
  • The Emperor: Downfall of an Autocrat (Cesarz) (1978)
  • Shah of Shahs (Szachinszach) (1982)
  • Imperium (Imperium) (1993)
  • The Shadow of the Lord's day (Heban) (1998)
  • Our Responsibilities in a Multicultural Earth (Powinności obywatela świata wielokulturowego) (2002)[111]
  • Travels with Herodotus (Podróże z Herodotem) (2007)[112]
  • Encountering the Other: The Challenge for the Twenty-first Century—The Inaugural Lecture of the Thirty-six[th] Almanac School of Polish Language and Civilization at the Jagiellonian Academy, 5 July 2005 (Spotkanie z Innym jako wyzwanie XXI wieku: wykład z okazji otwarcia 36. Szkoły Języka i Kultury Polskiej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego) (2005)[113] [114]
  • Inside an Iceberg (Wewnątrz góry lodowej; extract from The Shadow of the Sunday) (2007)
  • I Wrote Stone: The Selected Poetry of Ryszard Kapuściński (2007)[115]
  • The Cobra's Middle (excerpt from The Shadow of the Sun) (2007)
  • The Other (Ten Inny) (2008)[116] – A collection of the author's lectures.
  • My Morning Walk (Spacer poranny) (2009)[117] [118] – The reportage about Poland and Warsaw, written in the 1990s and found after Kapuściński'south expiry. Published in a book which, besides Smoothen original text, includes translations to English, High german and Castilian.
  • Collected Poems (Wiersze zebrane) (2012)[119]

Works currently unavailable in English [edit]

  • The Polish Bush-league (Busz po polsku) (1962) – A collection of early essays.
  • Black Stars (Czarne gwiazdy) (1963) – A volume which focuses on Kwame Nkrumah and Patrice Lumumba.
  • The Kirghiz Dismounts (Kirgiz schodzi z konia) (1968) – Essays and articles about seven of the Caucasian and Central Asian republics of the (then) Soviet Union (some of the material subsequently incorporated in Imperium).
  • If All Africa... (Gdyby cała Afryka) (1969) – A collection of essays and articles nearly Africa.
  • Why Karl von Spreti Died (Dlaczego zginął Karl von Spreti) (1970) – A book about Guatemala during the 1960s and 1970s, in the groundwork of the assassination of Karl von Spreti.
  • Christ With a Burglarize on His Shoulder (Chrystus z karabinem na ramieniu) (1975) – A book which focuses on the partisan movements in Africa, Latin America and Heart Eastward.
  • An Invitation to Georgia (Zaproszenie do Gruzji) (1983)
  • The Notebook (Notes) (1986) – First collection of the author'south verse.
  • Lapidarium (1990)
  • Lapidarium II (1995)
  • Lapidarium III (1997)
  • Lapidarium IV (2000)
  • A Cynic wouldn't Suit This Profession: Conversations near Good Journalism (Il cinico non è adatto a questo mestiere: conversazioni sul buon giornalismo) (2000)[49] – Later translated into Spanish and Polish, includes a previously unpublished dialogue with John Berger.
  • Lapidarium V (2002)
  • A Reporter's Cocky Portrait (Autoportret reportera) (2003)[50] – A collection of interviews with and quotes by Kapuściński, translated into Hungarian (2004), Spanish (2005), Italian (2006) and French (2008).
  • The Journalist'due south Five Senses: Witnessing, Seeing, Listening, Sharing and Thinking (Los cinco sentidos del periodista (estar, ver, oír, compartir, pensar)) (2003)[34] – distributed for free
  • The Laws of Nature (Prawa natury) (2006) – Second collection of the author's poetry
  • I Gave a Voice to the Poor: Conversations with the Youth (Ho dato voce ai poveri: dialogo con i giovani) (2007) – A collection of interactions with Italian students.
  • Kapuściński: I cannot Embrace the World (Kapuściński: nie ogarniam świata) (2007) – A collection of seven interviews with Kapuściński between 1991 and 2006.
  • Lapidarium VI (2007)
  • Nerveless Verse (Wiersze zebrane) (2008)
  • Hospital Diary (Zapiski szpitalne) (2008) – Kapuściński's terminal writings.[120]
  • Writing: Marek Miller talks with Ryszard Kapuściński (Pisanie. Z Ryszardem Kapuścińskim rozmawia Marek Miller), Warsaw, Czytelnik, 2012 (book + DVD)[51] – conversations with Kapuściński on the art of reportage, recorded in the 1980s.

Magazine contributions in English (by issue) [edit]

  • Granta 15: A Warsaw Diary
  • Granta 16: Scientific discipline
  • Granta 20: In Problem Again
  • Granta 21: The Story-Teller
  • Granta 26: Travel
  • Granta 28: Birthday Special!
  • Granta 33: What Went Incorrect?
  • Granta 48: Africa
  • Granta 73: Necessary Journeys
  • Granta 88: Mothers
  • encounter also, in book form: Ryszard Kapuściński [et al.], The Best of Granta Reportage, London, Granta, 1993.

Photography [edit]

  • Out of Africa (Z Afryki) (2000)[53] – The author'south offset photo anthology. Published in Spain as Desde Africa (2001), and in Italia as Dall'Africa (2002).
  • Ryszard Kapuściński: Fragment (2002) – Catalogue of the author's photography exhibition held at the Opus Gallery in Wrocław in May 2002.
  • From the World (Ze świata) (2008) – A collection of the author'south photographs from all over the world, with an introduction past John Updike (text in Shine).
  • My Forenoon Walk (Spacer poranny) (2009) – A collection of the writer's photographs from the Mokotów Field in Warsaw (text in English language, German and Spanish, as well as Polish).
  • Ryszard Kapuściński: From the Imperium (2010) – Catalogue of the author'due south photography exhibition held at the Zachęta National Gallery of Fine art in Warsaw, eighteen December 2010 – 20 Feb 2011.
  • The Shine Bush: Postscriptum (Busz po polsku. Postscriptum) (2012) – A collection of the author'due south photographs from the exhibition Konin jak Colorado. These photographs were discovered in 2010.

Other [edit]

  • Pracownia Reportażu (Brook et al., inspired by Marek Miller), Who Allowed Journalists Here (Kto tu wpuścił dziennikarzy), Independent Publishing Business firm NOWA, 1985 – 41 conversations with journalists (including Kapuściński) recorded betwixt September 1980 and May 1981 about the Gdańsk Shipyard strikes in 1980.[121]
  • Adam Hochschild, Finding the Trapdoor: Essays, Portraits, Travels, Syracuse, North.Y., Syracuse Academy Press, 1997 ("Magic Journalism," pp. 241–250).
  • Anders Bodegård and Maria Söderberg, A Visit to Pinsk with Ryszard Kapuściński, tr. Frank Gabriel Perry, Enskede (Sweden), Maria Söderberg, 1999; ISBN 91-630-7912-7.
  • Kazimierz Wolny-Zmorzyński, Wobec świata i mediów. Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego dylematy dziennikarskie, literackie, społeczno-polityczne, Kraków, Instytut Dziennikarstwa Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 1999 [ii]
  • Gdański Areopag – Forum Dialogu (Bock et al.), The Truth (Prawda), Gdańsk – Pelplin, WDP Bernardinum, 2004, ISBN 83-7380-206-1 – Includes conversations with Kapuściński and other interlocutors on the bailiwick of truth, which took place on 9 November 2003 in Gdańsk.
  • Krzysztof Masłoń, Dear is not Our Lot (Miłość nie jest nam dana), Warsaw, Prószyński i S-ka, 2005 – Includes conversations with Kapuściński and other interlocutors.
  • Aleksandra Kunce, The anthropology of points. Deliberations on texts by Ryszard Kapuściński (Antropologia punktów. Rozważania przy tekstach Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego), Katowice, Silesia Academy Printing, 2008 [3]
  • Maciej Sadowski, Ryszard Kapuściński: Photobiography, Warsaw, VEDA, 2013 – in English language and Polish.[122]
  • Marek Kusiba, Ryszard Kapuściński from far and virtually (Ryszard Kapuściński z daleka i z bliska), Warsaw, Znak 2018[123]

Documentary films [edit]

Kapuściński wrote a screenplay for a 1962 Polish documentary movie 80-dni Lumumby (80 days of Lumumba) directed past Tadeusz Jaworski about Patrice Lumumba.[124] Imperfect Journey is a 1994 Ethiopian documentary film directed by Haile Gerima. Gerima travelled to Ethiopia together with Kapuściński. The picture show explores the political and psychic recovery of the Ethiopian people after the repression of the military junta of Mengistu Haile Mariam.

Documentary films about Kapuściński include Jacek Talczewski'southward Ryszard Kapuściński (Polish, 1987, the idea of the film by Marek Miller),[125] Filip Bajon'southward Poszukiwany Ryszard Kapuściński (Smoothen, 1998), Piotr Załuski's Druga Arka Noego (Polish, 2000), Pejzaże dzieciństwa. Ryszard Kapuściński (Polish, 2005), Gabrielle Pfeiffer's A Poet on the Front Line: The Reportage of Ryszard Kapuściński (English language, 2004),[126] [127] Beata Hyży-Czołpińska'due south Ostatnia książka Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego (Polish, 2008), Olga Prud'homme-Farges' L'Afrique vue par Ryszard Kapuściński (French, 2014, as well in High german as Am Puls Afrikas).,[128] and Ela Chrzanowska'due south Los ríos. El viaje a México con el Maestro Kapuściński (Spanish and Polish, 2016).

See as well [edit]

  • Travel writing
  • Foreign correspondent
  • Herodotus
  • V. S. Naipaul
  • Kazimierz Nowak
  • Ferdynand Ossendowski
  • Tiziano Terzani
  • Anjan Sundaram

Notes and references [edit]

  1. ^ Kaufman, Michael T. (24 January 2007). "Ryszard Kapuscinski, Polish Writer of Shimmering Allegories and News, Dies at 74". The New York Times.
  2. ^ Bożena Dudko (15 May 2009). "Terzani pisał do niego Maestro". Gazeta Wyborcza . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  3. ^ Lobo, Ramón (23 April 2006). "El sentido de la vida es cruzar fronteras". El País . Retrieved thirteen Nov 2011.
  4. ^ Luis Sepúlveda (2008). "Ryszard Kapuscinski: Simplemente un Maestro". Le Monde Diplomatique . Retrieved four January 2014.
  5. ^ a b c "Polish chronicler of Tertiary Globe Kapuscinski dies". Reuters. UK. 23 January 2007. Retrieved iii January 2014.
  6. ^ Nowacka B., Ziątek Z. "Ryszard Kapuściński. Biografia pisarza", Znak, Kraków 2008
  7. ^ Mariusz Szczygieł (two March 2010). "Biografia Ryszarda Kapuscinski". Gazeta Wyborcza (in Smooth). Retrieved thirteen November 2011.
  8. ^ "Beak Buford, "An Interview with Ryszard Kapuścińsk". The Storyteller. Vol. Spring, no. 21. Granta.com. 1 March 1987. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  9. ^ Krzysztof Masłoń (27 Jan 2007). "Osobliwa skrytość Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego (The Remarkable Reticence of Ryszard Kapuściński)". Rzeczpospolita . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  10. ^ Adam Michnik (27 January 2007). "Rysiek dobry i mądry (Good and Wise Ricky)". Gazeta Wyborcza . Retrieved thirteen November 2011.
  11. ^ In May 2007Newsweek Polska magazine wrote that Kapuściński worked for the Communist Polish hugger-mugger service from 1965 to 1972 or 1977. "Teczka pisarza" (The Dossier of a Writer; an interview with Ernest Skalski) [ permanent dead link ] . Nowacka and Ziątek in the book published in 2013 Literatura "not-fiction". Czytanie Kapuścińskiego po Domosławskim (Non‑fiction literature: Reading Kapuściński after Domosławski) state that in the case of Kapuściński one can non say nearly Kapuściński'south constant cooperation, rather about 3 cases of hush-hush service's extortion on Kapuściński of intelligence activities (during his travels abroad) from which he evaded either non writing the demanded "reports" or writing assay which could exist published in the official press.
  12. ^ Cf. Jan Skarbowski [et al.], Nowa Huta: pierwsze socjalistyczne miasto w Polsce, Krakow, Wydawnictwo Literackie, 1971. Similarly, the French urban sociologist, Paul-Henry Chombart de Lauwe (1913–1998), called Nowa Huta "ville phare du socialisme" (flagship conurbation of socialism).
  13. ^ Mariusz Szczygieł (2 March 2010). "Biografia Ryszarda Kapuscinski". Gazeta Wyborcza . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  14. ^ Diana Kuprel, "Literary Reportage: Betwixt and Beyond Art and Fact"; in: History of the Literary Cultures of Due east-Key Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th Centuries, ed. M. Cornis-Pope and J. Neubauer, Amsterdam, Benjamins, 2004–2006, vol.1, p.384. ISBN 90-272-3452-3.
  15. ^ a b c d e "Antyciała: z Ryszardem Kapuścińskim rozmawia Andrzej Skworz" (Antibodies: An Interview with Ryszard Kapuściński Conducted past A. Skworz), Press (monthly magazine), No. 2 (121), February 2006, pp. 25–28. ISSN 1425-9818.
  16. ^ "The Soccer Wars (excerpt from jacket)". Granta . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  17. ^ "Kapuściński'due south "official" biography on the Kapuściński.info Net portal". Kapuscinski.info. 31 Jan 2007. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  18. ^ Donald Morrison (7 June 2007). "Fellow Travelers". Fourth dimension. Archived from the original on 1 July 2007. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  19. ^ Ernesto Guevara, Dziennik z Boliwii Che Guevara, intro. Fidel Castro, ed. & tr. R. Kapuściński, Warsaw, Wydawnictwo Książka i Wiedza, 1970.
  20. ^ A film-script adaptation of Kapuściński's The Emperor, written past Marcel Łoziński for the film-director Andrzej Wajda in 1979, has never reached the production stage, having been banned by Communist censors (Kapuściński'south original book was not affected). Monika Mokrzycka-Pokora (August 2003). "Andrzej Wajda". culture.pl. Archived from the original on 19 March 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
  21. ^ "Ze studentami rozmawia Ryszard Kapuściński" [Smooth Students interview Ryszard Kapuściński most a revolution]. Wola (in Polish). xxx (236): 4. thirty November 1987. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  22. ^ Pracownia Reportażu (Beck et al., inspired by Marek Miller), Who Allowed Journalists Here ("Kto tu wpuścił dziennikarzy"), Independent Publishing House NOWA, 1985 http://kapuscinski.info/kto-tu-wpuscil-dziennikarzy.html
  23. ^ "Arena: Kapuściński". BBC 4. 1988. Retrieved xv October 2014.
  24. ^ Brittain, Victoria (25 Jan 2007). "Obituary: Ryszard Kapuściński". The Guardian . Retrieved fifteen Oct 2014.
  25. ^ "Leven & werken: Ryszard Kapuściński (Paul Scheffer speaks with Ryszard Kapuściński)" (in English and Dutch). VPRO. 1999. Retrieved fifteen Oct 2014.
  26. ^ Kapuściński R., "Encountering the Other", Universitas, Kraków 2007
  27. ^ "Institute of Books". Instytutksiazki.pl. Retrieved eighteen August 2013.
  28. ^ Mackey, Robert (8 March 2010). "Fact, Fiction and Kapuscinski". New York Times . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  29. ^ a b Ryszard Kapuściński, Autoportret reportera, ed. K. Strączek, Cracow, Znak, 2003, p. 42. ISBN 83-240-0347-9.
  30. ^ Adam Hochschild (3 November 1994). "Magic Journalism". The New York Review of Books . Retrieved thirteen November 2011.
  31. ^ Elzbieta Foeller-Pituch. "Ryszard Kapuscinski". The Literary Encyclopedia. Northwestern Academy. Retrieved thirteen Nov 2011.
  32. ^ In an article in Slate Magazine, writer Jack Shafer called Kapuściński a fabulist who did non attach to the bones rules of journalism."The Lies of Ryszard Kapuściński". Jack Shafer, Slate Magazine, 25 Jan 2007. As part of his criticism, Shafer cited the anthropology professor John Ryle. His condemnation was rebutted by Meghan O'Rourke in Slate five days later; O'Rourke contended that Kapuściński's invention of footling details to reveal a larger truth did not brand him a bad journalist. O'Rourke, Meghan (30 January 2007). "Ryszard Kapuściński: Defending his literary license". Slate Magazine
  33. ^ The British journalist Michela Incorrect wrote in the New Statesman, "Kapuściński would have helped his own case if he had been more than consistent, and pocket-size, about what he offered. If you present your work equally 'magical journalism', of the García Márquez genre, best not simultaneously lecture a younger generation of journalists, as he did, on their imprecision. And if your prime years in the field were largely confined to the Cold War, best not present yourself as an eternal sage on the subject field."Pilger, John; Wrong, Michela (12 February 2007). "Kapuściński, More Magical than Existent". New Statesman . Retrieved thirteen November 2011.
  34. ^ a b c Santiago Existent de Azúa (April 2004). "Melancholy defense of a fast-changing profession: A celebrated Polish announcer reflects on the future of the news". IDBAmerica. Archived from the original on twenty September 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  35. ^ "Information on the website dedicated to Tiziano Terzani".
  36. ^ Artur Domosławski Gazeta Wyborcza Cartagena – Bogota (19 January 2008). "Artur Domosławski, "Kapu uczy latynosów" (Kapu Teaches the Latinos)". Gazeta Wyborcza . Retrieved thirteen November 2011.
  37. ^ Tomasz Łubieński (b. 1938), "Uczeń Kapuścińskiego?" (Kapuściński'southward Pupil?), Gazeta Wyborcza, 3 March 2010, p. 13 (in Polish) ("...być może uważał za swoich reporterskich poprzedników Melchiora Wańkowicza i Curzio Malapartego, dla których liczył się efekt, wrażenie, szczegół o sile metafory...")
  38. ^ M. Janowska; P. Mucharski (3 June 2001). "Zawód: dziennikarz (Profession: Journalist)". Tygodnik Powszechny . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  39. ^ Ryszard Kapuściński, Autoportret reportera Archived 24 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Cracow, Znak (2003). ISBN 83-240-0347-9. (Of Pruszyński and Wańkowicz, Kapuściński says: "Obu znałem osobiście, obu podziwiałem, kochałem i ceniłem." (I have known them both personally, I have admired them both, I have loved them and esteemed them).)
  40. ^ "El polaco que denunciaba todos los crímenes". Kapuscinski.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 July 2014. Pruszynski, de quien se inspiró el gran reportero polaco Ryszard Kapuscinski
  41. ^ Diana Kuprel, "Literary Reportage: Betwixt and Beyond Fine art and Fact"; in: History of the Literary Cultures of E-Central Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th centuries, ed. M. Cornis-Pope and J. Neubauer, Amsterdam, John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2004–2006, vol. 1, pp. 382–83. ISBN 90-272-3452-3.
  42. ^ Gosia Kasperska, "Coetzee i Kapuściński—próba zestawienia afrykańskich motywów twórczości" Archived 22 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine; unpublished (?) dissertation, University of Wrocław; published on Kapuscinski.info Internet portal, eighteen March 2011.
  43. ^ "Poland'south Loss: Poland's Giant of Reportage is Expressionless". The Economist. 25 January 2007. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  44. ^ bulletsandhoney. "African Bullets & Love, the literary web log of the author". Bulletsandhoney.wordpress.com. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  45. ^ a b Aleksandar Hemon (24 Apr 2001). "Misguided Tour". The Village Voice . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  46. ^ a b W. F. Deedes (15 June 2001). "A Skilful Human in Africa". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Retrieved xiii November 2011.
  47. ^ Neal Ascherson (21 June 2001). "In the Pit of History". The New York Review of Books. Nybooks.com. Retrieved xiii November 2011.
  48. ^ See: Europa jest na szczęśie mała, z Ryszardem Kapuścińskim rozmawia Jacek Antczak, "Słowo Polskie" 1999, no. 12. Later published in Kapuściński'southward book Autoportret reportera, Znak, 2003, p. 40. Quote in Smoothen: "Nie ma czegoś takiego jak obiektywizm. Obiektywizm to jest kwestia sumienia tego, który pisze. I sam powinien sobie udzielić odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy to co pisze, jest bliskie prawdy, czy nie."
  49. ^ a b Ryszard Kapuściński, Il cinico non è adatto a questo mestiere: conversazioni sul buon giornalismo, ed. M. Nadotti; Rome, Edizioni e/o, 2000. Published as function of the series "Piccola biblioteca morale", No. 26., "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 23 Jan 2014. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived re-create as title (link) ISBN 88-7641-414-2.
  50. ^ a b Ryszard Kapuściński, Autoportret reportera, Kraków, Znak, 2003. http://world wide web.znak.com.pl/kartoteka,ksiazka,20,Autoportret-reportera
  51. ^ a b Ryszard Kapuściński, Pisanie, Warszawa, Czytelnik, 2012. http://czytelnik.pl/?ID=ksiazka&ID2=392
  52. ^ For RFI and Euronews see his volume Lapidarium 4 (Warsaw 2000, p. 100). For The Economist run across his book Lapidaria (Warsaw 2004, p. 467). For The International Herald Tribune come across the article The reporter as poet from 18 September 1994 in The Independent past Ian Parker – https://web.archive.org/web/20141029014135/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/the-reporter-every bit-poet-the-polish-writer-ryszard-kapuscinski-may-be-i-of-our-last-great-foreign-correspondents-in-whose-reports-morality-philosophy-and-poesy-exist-side-by-side-with-fact-now-something-of-a-media-star-he-joins-the-modern-historians-with-a-new-volume-about-the-end-of-the-soviet-union-1449539.html
  53. ^ a b Ryszard Kapuściński, Ryszard Kapuściński z Afryki, Bielsko-Biała, Wydawnictwo Buffi, 2000; 128 pp. ISBN 83-906554-9-seven.
  54. ^ Ryszard Kapuściński, Ze świata, introd. John Updike, ed. I. Wojciechowska, Cracow, Społeczny Instytut Wydawniczy Znak, 2008. ISBN 978-83-240-1053-0. Excerpts
  55. ^ "Publishers' info". Znak.com.pl. Archived from the original on 18 September 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  56. ^ Publishers' info. Znak.com.pl. Retrieved xiii November 2011.
  57. ^ "Ryszard Kapuściński, "Zderzenie cywilizacji" (The Clash of Civilisations), an interview". Chomikuj.pl. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  58. ^ Magdalena Rittenhouse (12 Feb 2007). "Remembrance: Ryszard Kapuscinski". The Nation . Retrieved 13 Nov 2011.
  59. ^ Ricardo Cayuela Gally (July 2002). "Entrevista con Ryszard Kapuscinski". Letras Libres (in Castilian). Retrieved xiii Nov 2011.
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  96. ^ Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego (2012), Beata Nowacka. Nearly the author.
  97. ^ Wydawnictwo Znak (seven Nov 2008), Zygmunt Ziątek. Nearly the author.
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  109. ^ We know the verdict on the biography of Ryszard Kapuściński Polish Radio SA 27 May 2015
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  111. ^ Bilingual edition; tr. Michael Jacobs; Cracow, Fundacja Judaica/Centrum Kultury Żydowskiej, 2002. The 2001 Aleksander and Alicja Hertz Annual Memorial Lecture, No. three. ISBN 83-916293-1-7.
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  120. ^ Published together with: Jarosław Mikołajewski, Sentymentalny portret Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego, [with] Ryszard Kapuściński, Zapiski szpitalne; foreword by A. Kapuścińska (Cracow, Wydawnictwo Literackie, 2008); ISBN 978-83-08-04263-ii.
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  123. ^ Kusiba, Marek (2018). Ryszard Kapuściński z daleka i z bliska. Warsaw: Znak. Retrieved ii July 2018.
  124. ^ See a pic Fifty'Afrique vue par Ryszard Kapuściński (13:56)
  125. ^ The moving picture is attached every bit a DVD with the volume Pisanie. Z Ryszardem Kapuścińskim rozmawia Marek Miller, published in Poland in 2012
  126. ^ "A Poet on the Front Line". Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  127. ^ Pfeiffer, Gabrielle. "A Poet on the Frontline". Retrieved 21 July 2014.
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Further reading [edit]

  • Hochschild, Adam (3 November 1994). "Magic journalism". The New York Review of Books. 41 (18): 13–15. Review of Imperium.
  • Manne, Robert (Dec 1995). "A conversation with Ryszard Kapuscinski". Quadrant. 39 (12): 40–43.

External links [edit]

  • John May interviews Kapuscinski, London, 9 August 1984
  • John May interviews Kapuscinski, London, 3 April 1986
  • BBC Arena: Kapuściński, 1988
  • 92Y/The Paris Review Interview Serial: Ryszard Kapuściński, New York, 9 Dec 1991
  • VPRO, an autobiographical interview, 1999
  • Confronting the Worst: Writing and Catastrophe, New York, New York Public Library, 16 April 2005
  • Interview with Kapuscinski: Writing Most Suffering, Journal of the International Institute, November 1997
  • Keynote speech communication, Herodotus and the Fine art of Noticing, during the inaugural ceremony for the Lettre Ulysses Awards, 2003
  • Letras Libres interview with Kapuscinski in Spanish
  • Documentary motion-picture show: A Poet on the Frontline: The Reportage of Ryszard Kapuscinski, 2004
  • Review of Travels with Herodotus
  • InfoPoland: Kapuściński links
  • Press response in UK, The states and Canada to Kapuscinski's decease
  • Works by or virtually Ryszard Kapuściński at Cyberspace Archive
  • Open Library. Works by Kapuscinski
  • Ryszard Kapuściński at civilisation.pl
  • Ryszard Kapuściński Honor for literary reportage
  • Kapuściński and Terzani
  • Kapuscinski Development Lectures series kapuscinskilectures.eu
  • kapuscinski.info

poolesmir1965.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryszard_Kapu%C5%9Bci%C5%84ski

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